How it works
How an Air Conditioner Works
A system-level explanation designed to make error codes and symptoms easier to understand.
Normal operating sequence
Indoor heat absorptionIndoor air passes across a cold evaporator coil, transferring heat to refrigerant.
CompressionThe compressor raises pressure/temperature and moves refrigerant around the sealed circuit.
Outdoor heat rejectionThe condenser coil and outdoor fan release heat outside.
ExpansionA metering device reduces refrigerant pressure before it returns to the evaporator.
CondensateMoisture removed from indoor air drains away through a condensate path or pump.
Main components
These are the component names most likely to appear in manuals, error-code explanations and service conversations.
- Compressor
- Evaporator coil
- Condenser coil
- Indoor blower
- Outdoor fan
- Thermostat/sensors
- Condensate drain/pump
- Metering device
What a symptom can tell you
A symptom usually narrows the affected system, not the exact failed part. For example, “not draining” can involve a blockage, installation, pump, sensor or control problem. Use the exact model documentation before moving beyond user-accessible checks.
Do not infer a failed part from one symptom: Error codes and symptoms are diagnostic clues. They are not automatic parts orders.